Uses of the subjunctive

The subjunctive is a form of the present tense verb, which has a fatha as the final vowel, instead of the usual damma that the indicative form has. See here for more details on verb endings.

It is used in subordinate clauses introduced by the following particles:

أَنْ - that

ل
كيْ
لأَنْ
لِكيْ-these 4 all mean in order to

حتَّى- so that / in order to / until

لنْ - will not / will never

not to / that ... doesn't - أَلّا = أَنْ + لا
لِئَلّا = ل + أَنْ + لا - so that ... doesn't